09:12:2008 10:05 cell $Revision: 1.38 $ Drafted by Jonathan Bard, Michael Ashburner, David States, Seung Y. Rhee, and Pascal Gaudet. Incorporating terms and synonyms from the eVOC cell ontology of Janet Kelso, Win Hide et al. http://www.sanbi.ac.za/evoc/ontologies.html. Hematopoietic cell terms revised by Alexander Diehl, MGI, The Jackson Laboratory. Contact Oliver Hofmann, oliver@sanbi.ac.za, at SANBI, University of the Western Cape. cell This is an OWL translation of an ontology whose native representational form is .obo. The translation was performed using the oboInOwl xslt library. For details, see http://www.berkeleybop.org/obo-conv.cgi cell Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. CARO:mah http://purl.org/obo/owl/CARO#CARO_mah cell FMA:68646 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FMA#FMA_68646 primary cell line cell cell permanent cell line cell cell cell in vivo cell cell by organism A classification of cells by the organisms within which they are contained. FB:ma http://purl.org/obo/owl/FB#FB_ma cell fibroblast neural crest derived cell receptor cell (sensu Animalia) cell early embryonic cell cell cranial neural crest cell cell fusiform initial An elongated cell with approximately wedge-shaped ends, found in the vascular cambium, which gives rise to the elements of the axial system in the secondary vascular tissues. ISBN:0471245208 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0471245208 xylem initial xylem mother cell cell CL:0000274 cell line cell cell trunk neural crest cell cell cell by class cell dentine secreting cell cell germ line stem cell germline stem cell cell male germ cell cell male germ line stem cell cell spermatocyte A male germ cell that develops from spermatogonia. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to spermatids. MESH:A.05.360.490.890.880 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.05.360.490.890.880 cell FBbt:00004936 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00004936 spermatid A male germ cell that develops from the haploid secondary spermatocytes. Without further division, spermatids undergo structural changes and give rise to spermatozoa. MESH:A.05.360.490.890.860 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.05.360.490.890.860 cell FBbt:00004942 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00004942 sperm A mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. MESH:A.05.360.490.890 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.05.360.490.890 sperm cell spermatozoid spermatozoon cell FBbt:00004954 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00004954 FMA:67338 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FMA#FMA_67338 spermatogonium An euploid male germ cell of an early stage of spermatogenesis. MESH:A.05.360.490.890.900 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.05.360.490.890.900 cell FBbt:00004935 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00004935 FMA:72291 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FMA#FMA_72291 female germ cell cell female germ line stem cell cell oocyte cell FBbt:00004886 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00004886 FMA:18644 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FMA#FMA_18644 oogonial cell cell egg ovum cell FBbt:00000034 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00000034 FMA:67343 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FMA#FMA_67343 nurse cell nurse cell cell FBbt:00004878 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00004878 smooth muscle cell neural crest derived cell CNS neuron (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) cell neuron neural crest derived cell glioblast cell FBbt:00005145 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00005145 neuroblast cell FBbt:00005146 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00005146 neuroplacodal cell cell apocrine cell cell stem cell A relatively undifferentiated cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. MESH:A.11.872 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.11.872 cell single fate stem cell cell epithelial fate stem cell cell hematopoietic stem cell A stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add colony forming unit hematopoietic hematopoietic progenitor cell hemopoietic progenitor cell hemopoietic stem cell HSC cell erythroid progenitor cell A progenitor cell committed to the erythroid lineage. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add ISBN:0721601464 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0721601464 BFU-E blast forming unit erythroid burst forming unit erythroid CFU-E colony forming unit erythroid erythroid stem cell cell germ line cell cell monoblast Morphology: mononuclear cell, diameter 12-20 _M, non-granular, N/C ratio 3/1 - 4/1; markers: CD11b (shared with many other myeloid cells); location: Adult: bone marrow; fetal: liver, Yolk Sac; role or process: hematopoiesis, monocyte development; lineage: hematopoietic, myeloid. A myeloid progenitor cell committed to the monocyte lineage. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add URL:http://www.clt.astate.edu/wwilliam/ http://www.clt.astate.edu/wwilliam/ URL:http://www.copewithcytokines.de http://www.copewithcytokines.de PMID:1104740 http://purl.org/obo/owl/PMID#PMID_1104740 CFU-M colony forming unit macrophage monocyte stem cell cell mature eosinophil A fully differentiated eosinophil, a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add ISBN:0721601464 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0721601464 mature eosinocyte mature eosinophil leucocyte mature eosinophil leukocyte polymorphonuclear leucocyte polymorphonuclear leukocyte cell neutrophilic myeloblast A myeloblast committed to the neutrophil lineage. A myeloblast is the most primitive precursor in the granulocytic series, having fine, evenly distributed chromatin, several nucleoli, and a nongranular basophilic cytoplasm. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add ISBN:0721601464 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0721601464 neutrophilic granuloblast cell mature basophil A fully differentiated basophil, a granular leukocyte with an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add ISBN:0721601464 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0721601464 mature basophil leucocyte mature basophil leukocyte polymorphonuclear leucocyte polymorphonuclear leukocyte cell CL:0000739 thymus processed stem cell Consider using term 'pro-T cell ; CL:0000827' or the term 'thymocyte ; CL:0000893' or one of its children instead. OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete). cell bursa processed stem cell Consider using term 'pro-B cell ; CL:0000826' or the term 'immature B cell ; CL:0000816' or one of its children instead. OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete). cell neuronal stem cell cell multi fate stem cell A stem cell that can give rise to mulitple lineages of cells. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add multipotent stem cell cell common myeloid progenitor A progenitor cell committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add ISBN:0878932437 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0878932437 PMID:10724173 http://purl.org/obo/owl/PMID#PMID_10724173 cfu-gemm ISBN:0878932437 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0878932437 CFU-S ISBN:0878932437 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0878932437 CMP ISBN:0878932437 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0878932437 colony forming unit granulocyte, erythrocyte, macrophage, and megakaryocyte ISBN:0878932437 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0878932437 multipotential myeloid stem cell ISBN:0878932437 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0878932437 myeloid stem cell ISBN:0878932437 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0878932437 pluripotent stem cell (bone marrow) ISBN:0878932437 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0878932437 cell megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor cell A progenitor cell committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add CFU-EM colony forming unit erythroid megakaryocyte MEP cell common lymphocyte progenitor A progenitor cell committed to the lymphoid lineage with phenotype Lin negative, CD117 low, Sca-1 low and CD127 positive. PMID:10407577 http://purl.org/obo/owl/PMID#PMID_10407577 CLP committed lymphopoietic stem cell early lymphocyte progenitor ELP lymphoid stem cell lymphopoietic stem cell cell CL:0000044 totipotent stem cell A stem cell from which all cells of the body can form. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add cell enamel secreting cell cell bone matrix secreting cell cell non-terminally differentiated cell A precursor cell with a limited number of potential fates. SANBI:mhl http://purl.org/obo/owl/SANBI#SANBI_mhl blast cell cell myoblast An embryonic (precursor) cell of the myogenic lineage that develops from the mesoderm. They undergo proliferation, migrate to their various sites, and then differentiate into the appropriate form of myocytes. MESH:A.11.635 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.11.635 cell FBbt:00005083 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00005083 fibroblast A connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. MESH:A.11.329.228 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.11.329.228 cell chondroblast cell ameloblast A cylindrical epithelial cell in the innermost layer of the enamal organ. Their functions include contribution to the development of the dentinoenamel junction by the deposition of a layer of the matrix, thus producing the foundation for the prisms (the structural units of the dental enamal), and production of the matrix for the enamel prisms and interprismatic substance. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992). MESH:A.11.436.107 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.11.436.107 cell odontoblast cell cementoblast cell osteoblast A bone-forming cell which secretes an extracellular matrix. Hydroxyapatite crystals are then deposited into the matrix to form bone. MESH:A.11.329.629 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.11.329.629 cell cell by histology A classification of cells by their microscopical appearance. FB:ma http://purl.org/obo/owl/FB#FB_ma cell ciliated cell cell ependymal cell A neurectoderm derived cell that lines the neural lumen. JB:jb http://purl.org/obo/owl/JB#JB_jb ependymocyte cell epithelial cell A cell that is usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface. FB:ma http://purl.org/obo/owl/FB#FB_ma MESH:A.11.436 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.11.436 cell FBbt:00000124 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00000124 ciliated epithelial cell cell duct epithelial cell cell branched duct epithelial cell cell epithelial cell of gland cell blood vessel endothelial cell cell non-branched duct epithelial cell cell barrier epithelial cell cell epithem cell A cell that constitutes the mesophyll of a hydathode and is located between the xylem endings and the epidermis. Proposed to be involved in the retrieval of solutes from the xylem sap. ISBN:0471245208 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0471245208 PMID:12662305 http://purl.org/obo/owl/PMID#PMID_12662305 cell columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell cell squamous epithelial cell cell mesothelial cell cell peridermal cell cell stratified epithelial cell cell circulating cell A cell which moves among different tissues of the body, via blood, lymph, or other medium. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add cell blood cell A cell found predominately in the blood. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add cell epithelial cell of lung cell epithelial cell of pancreas cell T cell A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add ISBN:0781735149 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0781735149 immature T cell mature T cell T lymphocyte T-cell T-lymphocyte cell CL:0000804 CL:0000812 germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) cell germ line stem cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) cell FBbt:00004861 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00004861 male germ line stem cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) cell FBbt:00004929 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00004929 female germ line stem cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) cell FBbt:00004873 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00004873 male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) cell female germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) cell Kupffer cell Markers: Mouse: F4/80+, CD11b-low, CD68+, sialoadhesin+, CD163/SRCR+; role or process: immune, antigen-presentation, clearance of senescent erythro-cytes, iron metabolism. A tissue-resident macrophage of the reticuloendothelial system found on the luminal surface of the hepatic sinusoids. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add MESH:A.11.329.372.588 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.11.329.372.588 PMID:15771589 http://purl.org/obo/owl/PMID#PMID_15771589 PMID:17105582 http://purl.org/obo/owl/PMID#PMID_17105582 cell osteoclast Morphology: Highly vesicular; markers: Surface: RANK, cFMS (MCSF receptor); Secreted: cathepsin K and TRAP (tartate resistant acid phosphatase); transcription factors: PU.1, cFOS, MITF, NFkB (p52); role or process: tissue remodelling: bone resorption; lineage: hematopoietic, myeloid. A specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue, which typically differentiates from monocytes. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add ISBN:0781735149 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0781735149 PMID:10428500 http://purl.org/obo/owl/PMID#PMID_10428500 PMID:15055519 http://purl.org/obo/owl/PMID#PMID_15055519 PMID:17380158 http://purl.org/obo/owl/PMID#PMID_17380158 chondroclast cell osteochondroclast Consider using 'osteoclast ; CL:0000092' instead. OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete). cell granulocyte A leukocyte with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. MESH:A.11.118.637.415 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.11.118.637.415 cell neuron associated cell cell mature neutrophil A fully differentiated neutrophil, a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add MESH:A.11.118.637.415.583 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.11.118.637.415.583 mature neutrocyte mature neutrophil leucocyte mature neutrophil leukocyte mature neutrophilic leucocyte mature neutrophilic leukocyte PMN poly polymorphonuclear leucocyte polymorphonuclear leukocyte polymorphonuclear neutrophil polynuclear neutrophilic leucocyte polynuclear neutrophilic leukocyte cell mast cell A cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add ISBN:068340007X http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_068340007X MESH:A.11.329.427 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.11.329.427 labrocyte ISBN:0721601464 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0721601464 mastocyte ISBN:0721601464 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0721601464 tissue basophil ISBN:068340007X http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_068340007X cell sensory epithelial cell cell interneuron Most generally any neuron which is not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose axons remain within a particular brain region as contrasted with projection neurons which have axons projecting to other brain regions. MESH:A.08.663.358 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.08.663.358 cell FBbt:00005125 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00005125 motor neuron A neuron which activate muscle cells. MESH:A.08.663.655.500 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.08.663.655.500 motoneuron cell sensory neuron cell FBbt:00005124 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00005124 polymodal neuron cell bipolar neuron A type of interneuron that has two neurites, usually an axon and a dendrite, extending from opposite poles of an ovoid cell body. ISBN:0444009442 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0444009442 cell multipolar neuron cell pseudounipolar neuron cell unipolar neuron cell autonomic neuron cell cholinergic neuron cell adrenergic neuron cell peptidergic neuron cell peripheral neuron cell columnar neuron columnar neuron cell mononuclear phagocyte A vertebrate phagocyte with a single nucleus. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add ISBN:0781735149 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0781735149 cell surface ectodermal cell cell of surface ectoderm surface ectoderm cell cell FMA:72552 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FMA#FMA_72552 endothelial cell cell pioneer neuron cell FBbt:00005128 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00005128 CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) cell basket cell cell Golgi cell cell granule cell cell Purkinje cell The output neuron of the cerebellar cortex. MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.428.200.212.600 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.08.186.211.132.810.428.200.212.600 cell stellate cell cell neuron associated cell (sensu Vertebrata) cell glial cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) cell FBbt:00005144 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FBbt#FBbt_00005144 glial cell A non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. MESH:A.08.637 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.08.637 neuroglia neuroglial cell cell FMA:54536 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FMA#FMA_54536 macroglial cell cell astrocyte A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from 'star' cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with 'end feet' which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the blood-brain barrier. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and 'reactive astrocytes' (along with microglia) respond to injury. MESH:A.08.637.200 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.08.637.200 cell FMA:54537 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FMA#FMA_54537 oligodendrocyte A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system. MESH:A.08.637.600 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.08.637.600 oligodendroglia cell FMA:54540 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FMA#FMA_54540 microglial cell Markers: Mouse: CD11b+, F4/80+, CD68+. A central nervous system macrophage found in the parenchyma of the central nervous system. GOC:add http://purl.org/obo/owl/GOC#GOC_add ISBN:0721601464 http://purl.org/obo/owl/ISBN#ISBN_0721601464 microglia cell FMA:54539 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FMA#FMA_54539 neuron associated cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) cell gut endothelial cell cell corneal endothelial cell Cell of the single layer of large flattened cells covering the surface of the cornea. MESH:A.09.371.060.067.31 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.09.371.060.067.31 cell neurectodermal cell neurectoderm cell cell mesenchymal cell A cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets. FB:ma http://purl.org/obo/owl/FB#FB_ma cell fibrocyte cell FMA:63879 http://purl.org/obo/owl/FMA#FMA_63879 fat cell A fat-storing cell found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals. Fat is usually stored in the form of tryglycerides. MESH:A.11.329.114 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.11.329.114 adipocyte lipocyte cell osteocyte A mature osteoblast that has become embedded in the bone matrix. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are connected to adjacent osteocytes via protoplasmic projections called canaliculi. MESH:A.11.329.629.500 http://purl.org/obo/owl/MESH#MESH_A.11.329.629.500 cell chondrocyte Polymorphic cell that form cartilage. MESH:A.11.329.171 http://purl.org/obo/owl